Book Nook: Making reading a social experience

Book Nook: at a glance

No time for the details? Scroll through the summary below to understand my key contributions and takeaways.

summary

I led a team of 5 graduate students in researching and designing an online community that adheres to core scientific literature on community design, catered to a niche community, and had a viable business plan.

We conducted mixed methods research, created a business plan, and developed a high fidelity Figma prototype.

Our solution was voted 'most innovative community', gained strong market interest, and is currently in the seed funding stage.

Methods

  • Interviewed 8 casual readers, and 3 expert readers.
  • Surveyed 54 survey responders.
  • Conducted competitor analysis of 12 competitors.
  • Complied key market research statistics.
  • Developed customer journey map.
  • Developed customer sales funnel.
  • Usabililty tested Figma prototype.

insights

  • Competitor analysis revealed opportunity for collaborative forum-like reading experiences
  • 97% trusted book recommendations from friends and family.
  • 65% used social media to source their next book.
  • Casual readers needed multiple touchpoints to convince them to switch genres, try a new author or attend an event.

what went right & what went wrong

The project generated strong early-adopter interest from Literati Bookstore interviewees and survey respondents. Our team is currently streamlining the socializing/reading experience, and looking for funding.

  • We didn't launch — we didn't have the time or resources.
  • Our casual reader experience was not validated by our research.
  • Casual readers needed multiple touchpoints to convince them to switch genres, try a new author, or attend an event.
  • We had no go-to-market strategy for competing with Amazon bookstore and Kindle — which currently holds over 90% of the e-reading market.

Introduction

Book Nook is an online community for readers who want to make reading social. The community is centered around public annotations and discussions — all centered around books.

The main goals of our community was to:

  • Use books as centers of group organization, allowing people to group together around genres they love.
  • Foster pro-social interactions.
  • Design community features that prioritized meaningful interactions and discouraged anti-social, low quality engagement.

Brainstorming

Designing a new axis for social connection

The challenge was: to create a novel social platform that adhered to the literature around online communities, designed for a culturally distinct community, and backed by strong research rationale.

Our first meeting's brainstorming revolved around the issues with social media; everything from doxing, sexism, racism, and fake news, all the way to irrelevant content, inactive communities and bot accounts.

This is how we came up with the idea for Book Nook.

The idea we landed on was a social reading experience that used books as focus points for discussion and community.

Unlike current market leaders, which focus on recommendations and written reviews, we wanted our platform to incorporate discussions between readers and authors.

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Literature Review

The problem: Understanding the core Principles of Community Design

Now that we had a central concept, we needed to assemble core principles upon which this community should be designed.

Our team collectively prioritized a shortlist of readings that helped design for:

  • Pro-social interactions.
  • Hate speech disincentivization.
  • Relevant, high quality discussion.
  • Strong social bond-formation.

7 scientific principles

We leveraged 7 major principles to inform our communities feature design:

  • Common bond theory (Ren et al., 2007) — Used to explain recommendations based on who in your network is reading a book, supporting identity and common bonds. Also used to justify integration of online and offline events.
  • Anonymity/pseudonymity (Donath, 2014; Bruckman, 2022) — Used to justify allowing anonymity and pseudonymity to encourage more authentic expression and freedom to be “unfiltered reviewing self” without worrying about judgment.
  • Community design principles (Kim, 1998) — Several principles referenced such as integrating online and offline, focusing discussions on clear topics to give community purpose, importance of creating social environment where people care about presenting themselves in certain way.
  • Rewards/gamification (Meier et al., 2020) — Points/rewards system justified through research showing effectiveness of these incentives on participation, retention, and virality by tapping into human emotional responses.
  • Facilitating vulnerability and authentic discourse (Sheng & Kairam, 2020) — Used to justify mutual friend connections required for messaging, and to enable an environment that's optimized for intimate and genuine conversations.
  • Accessibility and inclusive design principles (Norman, 2013) — Referenced to justify use of color, contrast, and accessibility options to enhance inclusive user experience.
  • Tight integration of related content/features (Davis & Chouinard, 2016) — Used to justify integration of reading, annotations, and forums to enable fluid interplay between supporting social reading experiences.

Competitor Analysis

The problem

While our team understood that online book communities fell short in delivering meaningful social connections for readers, we did not yet understand which offered the most opportunities for social connection and which chose to focus only on book consumption.

what is out there

We evaluated 5 major competitors on dimensions like collaboration, design, and moderation functionality.

We also benchmarked community-building features to isolate strengths and weaknesses.

brain-stuck

While our team now had an understanding of the American and Chinese book reading application market, we still had some key problems.

We had reached an impasse in discussions: we couldn't figure out how to encourage readers to socially engage, without distracting them from reading. We were missing deeper understanding on how users discover, consume, and share thoughts about books.

Expert Interviews

Interviewing the Professionals

In order to validate this market opportunity, and understand how and where readers socially engage around reading, we decided to conduct interviews with readers.

We wanted our application to attract casual and serious readers, and tapped into our social networks, local library, and Literati (local book-store) in order to recruit interviewees.

Using a semi-structured interview protocol, we:

  • Interviewed 4 casual book readers.
  • Interviewed 3 Literati bookstore staff to get serious reader & retail industry insights.

The questions focused on topics like reading habits, perspectives on book clubs, pain points, but we created 2 scripts for the 2 different groups.

We combined our interview insights with our survey insights during our Affinity Mapping stage.

So what were the big insights

Once our team affinity mapped our interview and survey insights, we aggregated a few primary insights that drastically changed our ideas around how and why people discover, consume, and share thoughts about books.

Avid Readers are Social Casual Readers are Private

Avid readers (read 'every day') are more likely to have engaged, or currently engage in book clubs and attend book events.

Casual Readers are Private, but like to lurk

Casual readers (read equal to, or less than 'a few times a week') are highly unlikely to engage in social environments or events around reading.

But they are very much a part and aware of online discourse around books — primarily because they use such forums for socially validated book discovery.

Close Social Recommendations are Key

Survey responders reported that recommendations from friends and family, captivating book bio, and engaging plot were their top book selection criteria.

Bookstore recommendation cards and bestseller lists were inconsequential.

Writing Reviews & Commenting is Scary

Avid and casual readers were hesitant to express their thoughts about books in online forums.

Whether it be expert reviews or plain comments, both groups expressed a social expectation of intelligent commentary in such forums.

High Fidelity Design

Applying our research findings into a novel reading experience

We spent our remaining 2 weeks rapidly developing the screens, mapped out to each of our major research findings. After some guerilla testing for critical usability errors, we were ready with our app.

And after weeks of design iteration, we developed Book Nook!

Book Nook was the distillation of our research insights, and design decisions; all aimed at making reading social, positive, and fun.

In order to create this desired effect, we focused on a few key features.

Giving Readers multiple ways to read & socialize

Explore Feature

The homepage feed features personalized recommendations based on friends and followed authors, while spotlighting local author events. This aims to reflect the interconnected, social process of book discovery from our research.

Book Details

Each title includes an informal discussion space for readers to swap reactions. Lower stakes than rigid book clubs, these forums build bonds around beloved books. Integrated reading and annotation fosters fluid meaning-making, with comments tightly linked to passages.

Book Reader

The reader enables social annotations and text customization for personalized, multimedia consumption. We reduce friction in toggling between reading and reactions to nurture collaborative literary analysis.

Notification Feed

The notification feed allows customizable engagement with other readers' and authors’ activity. Users can follow friends, favorite authors, and notable critics directly from their profiles in order to view a personalized, curated feed of public updates.

impact & next steps

going beyond the class project

In working together, the team talked to several users, professors, and experts, several of whom expressed genuine interest in a full-fledged application.

After exceeding our project requirements completely, our team began discussing our next steps:

Assessing market need, profitability, and our go-to market strategy.

Reflections

What Worked And What Didn't

  • The small interview and survey sample sizes (<60 people) were not representative enough for any kind of strong quantitative evidence.
  • The conflict between the principle-driven design and socialization-driven business model of our platform never truly got resolved.
  • The class-project structure limited our timelines, especially with regard to detecting strong evidence of market opportunity.
  • This platform is trying to change how readers consume and share books — eliciting changes in user behavior in a B2C product is a highly resource-intensive process that our team had only begun to crack.